Episode 45

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Published on:

4th Apr 2026

Understanding Nervous System Dysregulation: CES Therapy for Anxiety and Trauma with Tauna Young & Cara Maxfield - #45

Episode Summary

In this episode, Dr. Michael Passmore is joined by two guests who bring both clinical expertise and lived experience to the topic of nervous system dysregulation. Together, they explore why anxiety is far more body-based than most people realize, and how a lesser-known technology called Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) may offer real relief for anxiety, insomnia, trauma, and chronic pain.

Guests

Tauna Young, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner and founder of NeuroVana Calm — a company focused on expanding access to CES therapy. Tauna has years of clinical experience helping patients struggling with anxiety, insomnia, PTSD, and nervous system dysregulation.

Cara Maxfield, entrepreneur and content creator who speaks openly about navigating trauma recovery, anxiety, panic attacks, chronic pain, and the real-world challenges of managing mental health while parenting and running a business.

Topics Covered

What nervous system dysregulation actually is and how it shows up in the body

Why anxiety is a physical, physiological experience — not a character flaw or weakness

The fight-or-flight response: when a protective mechanism becomes miscalibrated

The connection between trauma, body memory, and emotional triggers

What Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) is and how it works

How CES stimulates the thalamus and vagus nerve to induce a calm brain state

Research comparing CES to experienced meditators' brainwave states CES

FDA clearance (since 1979) and its safety profile vs. medications

Clinical applications: anxiety, insomnia, PTSD, chronic pain, fibromyalgia

Why CES remains largely unknown in mainstream medicine

How to use CES: loading phase, daily use, and situational use

Combining CES with CBT, psychotherapy, exposure therapy, and medication

Cara's first-hand account of using CES during a panic attack

Practical tips for regulating your nervous system

Key Takeaways

Anxiety is a nervous system state, not a personal weakness

The body and brain are deeply interconnected — what affects one affects the other

CES is portable, discreet, safe, and can be used anywhere — even the dentist

CES has a 67% success rate (≥50% improvement) vs. ~45–55% for SSRIs, with far fewer side effects

Tools like CES work best as part of a broader toolkit alongside therapy and lifestyle strategies

Everyone has trauma to some extent — normalizing that conversation is key to healing

Resources & Links

🌐 NeuroVana Calm: NeuroVanaCalm.com

📖 Free eBook from Tauna Young: A deeper dive into the science of CES — available at NeuroVanaCalm.com

📚 The Body Keeps the Score by Bessel van der Kolk (referenced in episode) https://a.co/d/0bkbVqsp

Connect & Subscribe If you enjoyed this episode, please share it with someone who might benefit, leave a review, and subscribe so you never miss an episode. Drop your questions and topic ideas in the comments — your feedback shapes future episodes.

The Neurostimulation Podcast is an independent educational project by Dr. Michael Passmore. All content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider.

Transcript
Mike:

Welcome to the Neurostimulation Podcast.

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I'm Dr.

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Michael Passmore, clinical associate

professor in the Department of Psychiatry

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at the University of British Columbia

in beautiful Vancouver, Canada.

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The Neurostimulation Podcast is all

about exploring the fascinating world

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of clinical neuroscience, clinical

neurostimulation, interventional

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mental health, and other topics in

general mental health and wellness.

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We investigate the latest research

breakthroughs, how that research

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is being translated into real

world treatments and other methods

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to improve health and wellbeing.

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So whether you are a healthcare

professional, a student, a researcher,

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or somebody who's curious about how our

brains work and what we can do to help

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them work better, this podcast is for you.

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My mission is to make the

science accessible, inspiring,

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and relevant to your life.

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This podcast is separate from my

clinical and academic roles, and

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is part of my personal effort to

bring neuroscience education to

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the general public free of charge.

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Accordingly, I would like to

emphasize that the information shared

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in the podcast is for educational

purposes only and is not intended

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as medical advice or a substitute

for professional medical guidance.

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So I would advise you to always

consult with your own healthcare

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provider to discuss your specific

health needs and treatment options.

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Today's conversation I'm really

excited about because we're bringing

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together two complimentary perspectives

on mental health treatment.

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First, we have Tauna Young, a

psychiatric nurse practitioner,

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and the founder of NeuroVana Calm,

and I'll spell out the website for

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everyone just right off the bat.

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I'd really encourage you to check it out.

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It's NeuroVanaCalm.com,

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and for listeners, that's

N-E-U-R-O-V-A-N-A-C-A-L-M.com.

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This is a company focused on expanding

access to a really interesting

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technology and treatment option called

cranial electrotherapy stimulation,

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or CES, particularly helpful for

things like anxiety and insomnia.

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Tauna has spent years in clinical

practice working with patients and

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clients struggling with nervous

system dysregulation, and she's become

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a strong advocate for integrating

physiology based tools alongside

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traditional mental health care.

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And joining her is Cara Maxfield, an

entrepreneur and content creator who

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speaks openly about things like trauma

recovery, anxiety, chronic pain, and the

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very real experiences of navigating mental

health challenges while still showing up

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for work, parenting, and life in general.

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So I'm really excited.

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I think this is gonna be a great

conversation because we're going to

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get to explore both the clinical and

neurophysiological perspectives, as well

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as the human lived experience of things

like anxiety, healing, and regulation.

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I was thinking just now, we were

talking a bit about what to cover today.

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So we'll be looking at things like what

nervous system dysregulation actually

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is, why anxiety and other kinds of

emotional challenges are often more

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body-based and physiological than

people realize how CES or cranial

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electrotherapy stimulation works and how

people might be able to start practically

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regulating their own nervous systems

to help optimize health and wellness.

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So Tauna and Cara, thanks

so much for joining us.

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Welcome to the podcast.

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Tauna: Thank you so much.

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Thanks for having us, and thank you

for that great introduction and for the

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work that you're doing to benefit people

dealing with all kinds of problems.

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Thank you so much.

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Cara: Yes, thank you.

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Thank you so much.

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Mike: Yeah.

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That's great.

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Thanks.

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Thanks again for being here.

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So I was thinking maybe Cara, maybe

we can start with you and from what

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I've read and heard about in your

content, you're speaking very openly and

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honestly about challenges like anxiety,

trauma, recovery and navigating various

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challenges while still managing life

as a single mom and an entrepreneur.

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Very successful.

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So can you share a bit about maybe

when you first realized that, you were

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having nervous system challenges and

what that experience actually felt like?

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Cara: Absolutely, yes.

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I would love to, and I am, like

you mentioned, I'm a middle aged

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single mom and an entrepreneur.

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So two things that you don't get

to choose whether or not you feel

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well enough to show up for is being

a mom and being an entrepreneur.

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And so many people talk about anxiety and,

I can't really say I actually had anxiety

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until I started to reach middle age.

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And as I start this perimenopause journey

of middle age, I find that my body is

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less able to regulate my emotions and

my ability to handle anxiety and stress.

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And I do have trauma whether it's

from my childhood or recent trauma.

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And that's not something that

is anxiety, at least for me

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when I have a panic attack.

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Being on an anxiety medication is not

what I need to help me get through

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when I'm feeling that buildup of

that anxiety and panic inside of me.

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Mike: Yeah.

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Yeah.

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Thanks so much for sharing that.

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It's inspiring, when people are able

to be vulnerable and speak openly

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in the interest of helping others

u nderstand that, of course there's

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a stigma in terms of a lot of these

kinds of things, but that these

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are such common challenges, right?

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And just having these kinds of

conversations is so important for

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people who may be struggling in silence,

to know that it's really important

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to come to an understanding, as you

say, of these things and how they're

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affecting themselves, and then what

to do, how to go about getting help.

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But the first step really is just

in terms of understanding and and

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acknowledging and recognizing, right?

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Cara: Yes, absolutely.

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And, I don't speak specifically on what my

trauma is, only because it doesn't matter.

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Because it's just, it's, it doesn't

matter if it was this or this, because

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we all have traumas and inside anxiety

and and panic attacks, i t's the same.

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It doesn't matter what the cause

is, it's the same for everybody,

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and we all have them in our lives.

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Whether or not we're healed enough to

even acknowledge them, we all have them.

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Mike: Yeah, absolutely.

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And that's a hundred percent correct.

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A very wise mentor of mine once said

in a lecture he was giving years and

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years ago that exactly as you say, we're

all traumatized to a certain extent.

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And that really landed for me in

many ways because it was just one

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of those pointed comments that was

just so factual and very impactful.

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Yeah.

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Cara: Yeah.

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Mike: Totally.

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I'm just curious, so as far as this

idea of emotions say anxiety being

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very body-based, very physiological,

I'm just curious what was some of

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your experience that way that kind

of made you think, okay, yes, this

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is something that I need to recognize

and figure out how to advocate?

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Cara: Yeah.

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When I'm starting to feel like

I'm, I am feeling anxiety.

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It starts to be like this buildup

inside my body where it's just

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an unrecognizable feeling, right?

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Because you can get really excited,

but you can recognize that excitement.

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But when I get that, that, that panic

and that extreme anxiety, it's this

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feeling that is so unrecognizable to

my body, and my body does not like it.

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And not only that, it builds and

I almost start to feel like this

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is too much for my body to handle.

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What is going to happen?

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Am I going to explode?

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Like I, I get hot and cold.

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I start sweating, yet I'm like

shaking because I'm so cold and my

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body just doesn't know what to do.

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And when my body doesn't know what to

do, my thinking doesn't know what to do.

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Mike: A hundred percent.

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Yeah.

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Thanks for describing that

connection between the body

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and the mind and the thoughts.

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Because that's very common.

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I've certainly experienced similar things.

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I think that would resonate with

many of the audience members as well.

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Tauna, from a clinician's perspective,

what would you say is actually

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happening in terms of nervous system

dysregulation during that kind of

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experience of anxiety or chronic stress?

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Tauna: Yeah, I appreciate

your description, Cara.

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That's a good way to describe

the felt experience that people

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who experienced that go through.

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And you I can't remember exactly what

you said that that kind of highlighted

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for me that, your body doesn't know

the difference between an actual

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real threat and an imagined one.

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And especially with people who have

lived through traumatic experience,

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there becomes a dysregulation there.

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That fight or flight response that

is referred to in so many different

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contexts it's an essential thing.

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Like we'd all be dead without it.

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At least our ancestors would've

not been able to run from that bear

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that, saber tooth tiger or whatever

thank goodness for that response.

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But sometimes it becomes a little

misinformed and especially in

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people who have experienced

traumatic events the nervous system.

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That is, those, the changes that happen

physiologically to respond to a threat

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maybe get a little miscalibrated,

and that response starts happening at

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times when it's no longer adaptive.

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It becomes maladaptive

in other situations.

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The nervous system, I think a good way

to describe it in a way that pretty much

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anyone can understand is the nervous

system is the bridge between your body and

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your brain or your body and your emotions.

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And sometimes there becomes a, comes

a miscalibration or a disconnect or

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a dysregulation in that, where that

alarm, that fight or flight response

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that is very adaptive in, in some

situations starts forgets to get the

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memo that, hey, everything's okay now

and gets stuck or, unable to relax in

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situations where they are in fact safe.

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Mike: Yeah, definitely.

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That's a great way of explaining it.

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It reminds me of the metaphor of the,

in a car where you have the engine

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warning light coming on, saying, okay,

there's some trouble with the engine

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and some criticism of, say, psychiatric

medications is sometimes that they're

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targeting just to switch off the

light that's giving you the alert.

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They're not actually getting at

what's going on in the engine.

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Whereas maybe other things, like

more sort of deep psychotherapy

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work might be necessary to

actually get at the root causes.

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But either way it's, as you say,

the bridge that, that you're.

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That you're having, because

emotions are these kinds of strange

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things that they're in between

thoughts and feelings in the body.

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They're and we don't get taught a lot

about how to recognize, I always say

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there should be more kind of formal

instruction in schools about being

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able to name and understand emotions

and different things like that.

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'cause we're, most of us pretty much

in the dark when it comes to that.

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Or even worse we're taught through our

families to suppress emotions and not

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to talk about it and that kind of stuff.

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Tauna: Yeah.

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Yeah.

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I often refer to that as

an emotional literacy.

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A lot of people tend to be very well

learned and very well educated, but the

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emotional literacy isn't always there.

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And, in mental health in

general, there has been a stigma.

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And I think in some circles just

emotions in general, just talking

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about emotions is deemed inappropriate.

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Yeah.

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But the thing about emotions is, they also

serve a strong biological purpose too.

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Fear.

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It's an emotion that without it,

it's a very essential emotion.

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But those, especially those really

essential emotions, they can become

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very, they can get a little carried away.

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They can, get a little outta

hand in some situations.

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You mentioned the the alert in the,

in a car I sometimes call, I refer

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to that as like an inner smoke alarm.

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We all of us have an inner smoke alarm.

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But with people with anxiety, sometimes

that smoke alarm's going off just 'cause

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someone's, making some toast and it's

supposed to go off when there's fire.

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But with anxiety that just,

that smoke alarm gets a little

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miscalibrated sometimes.

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Mike: Yeah.

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Yeah, for sure.

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That's a great metaphor

because absolutely.

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I think emotions, you could argue

they're what gives life meaning, right?

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It's what helps us to experience

really foundational experiences

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like love and wonder and awe and

all those sorts of amazing things.

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But also recognizing that, to the

extent that we all are challenged

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to come to terms with our shadow,

things like anger and all those

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other sorts of negative emotions

have a role, have a place as well.

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So I think it's a really helpful thing as

you're describing, to perhaps see anxiety.

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Yeah.

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And negative emo negative in quotes,

emotions or shall we say uncomfortable

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emotions more as a nervous system

state or as an internal family system

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probably gets into this as well about

what are the parts of us that have their

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own roles that don't necessarily need

to be sidelined, but just integrated.

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So seeing anxiety or anger or sadness

more as a nervous system state instead

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of part of a personal weakness or

a or some sort of like deficiency.

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Right?

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Tauna: Agreed.

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Yeah.

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I sometimes teach people that,

what is the difference between

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just fear and anxiety with anxiety?

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It's fear, but it's rejected fear.

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It's fear that the person doesn't

think is appropriate to the situation.

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And so it's rejected hey,

we're not doing this.

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But fear thinks that it, you need it,

like it's trying to save your life.

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And so it's not just

gonna leave you alone.

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It's gonna keep coming at you.

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And so that's the recipe.

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If someone was trying to build anxiety

just start rejecting your fears.

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Mike: Yeah, definitely.

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So Cara, I'm curious, so thinking

about anxiety, stress these, all

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these kinds of emotions that we're

talking about more as a nervous

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system state instead of, core personal

characteristic or d eficit or weakness.

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Is that something that resonates in

terms of your own experience and did

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thinking about it in those terms maybe

change the way that you were able

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to understand your own experience?

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Cara: Absolutely.

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I love how Tauna talked about fear.

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'Cause fear in itself is

an okay emotion to have.

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But it's when it's when it's either

fear for something unreal or an

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unrealistic amount of fear or just

an anxiety about something that you

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shouldn't even have any anxiety about.

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But also sometimes it's, for me, it's

just, it's, it is based on something real.

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It's something real that happened and

it's my body just not able to deal with.

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The normal amount of fear that I should

have about it, whether it's something

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upcoming or something that happened

it's becomes too much for my brain and

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my body to be able to handle together.

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And then they just start doing this

haywire thing of not being able

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to regulate each other and and,

hopefully being able to reset myself

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before I get to where I have those,

physical and mental responses to it.

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Mike: Yeah.

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Yeah, for sure.

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Yeah, that, that makes perfect sense.

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That's a really great

way of explaining it too.

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I'm sure that would resonate with a lot

of people who are watching and listening.

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I know it.

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Yeah.

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It definitely I can definitely

identify with that also.

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Cara: Yeah.

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Mike: Yeah, I think and it relates

to evidence-based treatments like

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cognitive behavioral therapy, right?

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Identifying the links between thoughts,

feelings, and behaviors, and how,

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often people will get into these ruts

because they're, they have a thought

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say I was just going over this with

a client the other day about who, who

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was really struggling with a lot of

social anxiety and his un unnecessary

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slash excessive slash inappropriate

thoughts were things like people.

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Don't think that I'm interesting or

people are judging me negatively.

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And so it was like challenging those

or, and then, so that would cause him

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to feel anxious and then that would

cause him to isolate at home, and

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not want to go socialize obviously.

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So then it was just getting out of

that saying, challenging those negative

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thoughts and then, just doing the

behavioral intervention of just trying

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to take small steps towards being

more sociable and then helping just to

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become more tolerant of the anxiety and

just instead of the downward spiral,

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helping him to just get back into more

of a a positive reinforcement loop.

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Cara: Yeah.

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Like I, I recently had something very

traumatic happen and, I feel like

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I'm a pretty good judge of knowing

if it's an actual traumatic thing

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and it's gonna be something that's

traumatic to everybody or just me.

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And I think it's something that

would be traumatic to just everybody.

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And at the time, I had very big emotional,

physical, mental response to that trauma.

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And a few days later, out of

nowhere, my body's response

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was as if I was there again.

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And I wasn't.

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I was safe in my home.

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There wasn't even anyone there that could

have even caused any sort of a harm.

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I was home by myself.

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It was completely silent.

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There was no like thing that happened

that I could say was an actual trigger

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other than something in my brain,

unbeknownst to me, triggered itself to me.

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And I was there again.

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And so my body and my brain had the

exact same response as if I, it, I was.

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Mike: Yeah, for sure.

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And one of the best known books that

talks a lot about this is The Body

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Keeps the Score Bessel VanDerKolk.

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And that's exactly it, right?

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The body has its own way, which

is very foreign to most of us.

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'cause to a large extent it's unconscious

in terms of our thinking mind.

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But it's, yeah, it's there, right?

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And it doesn't wanna let go.

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And so it's super important to, help

people understand that and help, provide

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them with options to get tools and

perhaps, work with the therapist that

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can help them to build those bridges

like we're talking about, right?

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So it within themselves so that they

can get healing and so that those

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buried body effects of the stress don't

continue to cause trouble in their lives.

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Tauna: Yeah.

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I'd also be interested, there was

prob, there may have been some

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kind of trigger in the environment,

a little environmental trigger.

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We've, I'm sure that you've heard, Dr.

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Passmore of different situations where

you know someone, smells, someone comes

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in with the cologne of someone's abuser,

and next thing you know, they respond to

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that person as if they were the abuser or

they smell, they walk through a grocery

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store aisle and then they smell, bleach

or something, and then they're back

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into a situation, of a traumatic event.

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Bleach.

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I'd be interested, there maybe

there was some kind of external

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trigger in that situation too, that

maybe you weren't even aware of.

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Cara: I'm sure.

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Absolutely.

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There had to have been something.

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Mike: That's the thing because,

the common experience as well

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is that it's, it maybe have.

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A hundred percent there may have

been a trigger that's not even

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aware to a conscious memory per se.

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And so it becomes mysterious in a sense.

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But certainly just the signal

that the, like you say, the

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smoke alarm is going off.

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And so it's reason to be curious.

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And in terms of, as I say,

whether it's self-exploration

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working with a therapist or both.

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I'm curious though, because this, just

to switch gears a little bit, it's

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obviously related, one of the things

that we focus in on this podcast

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is interventional mental health.

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Things like non-invasive neurostimulation.

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And so this CES, I was reading up

about it and it's so interesting

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because recognizing that it's one of

the most kind of traditional forms

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of electrical brain stimulation, it

really is still relatively unknown in.

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I would say, most, most medical

communities, we didn't, certainly

350

:

didn't learn about it in medical school.

351

:

So I'm just curious, Tauna, maybe if you

could help us to understand a bit more

352

:

about cranial electrotherapy stimulation.

353

:

Tauna: Yeah, I'd be happy to.

354

:

I'll start with just, what is this

little, it's just a little handheld

355

:

device, and it just has a little

tiny nine volt battery in there.

356

:

Just little ear clips,

357

:

two of them.

358

:

And, or if people prefer, they can

just disconnect the air clips and use

359

:

these little electrode pads instead.

360

:

Now, if I were to use them I

wouldn't even take off my earrings.

361

:

I would just put it on in front

or behind, doesn't really matter.

362

:

It just sends a little tiny microcurrent.

363

:

You wanna use both of 'em.

364

:

It sends it, through your brain

from one ear to the other, just

365

:

a little tiny microcurrent.

366

:

And it specifically on, on around the

ear sends just that little current,

367

:

and it, the majority of it goes to the

thalamus, which is the primary relay

368

:

station of sensory information, all

types of different emotion regulation,

369

:

the kind of the on off switch for sleep

and it's a relay station for a lot

370

:

of different stimuli that comes in.

371

:

And simply by It's interesting

though, that by stimulating something

372

:

that you actually stimulate a calm

373

:

Like calm is something that you

can actually turn on by stimulating

374

:

specific areas of the brain.

375

:

And by doing it in that placement

it's stimulating the vagus nerve

376

:

in a place, in a specific area

that it allows calm to occur.

377

:

And it's, I've seen it in right in

front of me on hundreds of patients.

378

:

The effects of it in the beginning

I was like, it just, it seemed I was

379

:

definitely skeptical, but to see how

impactful it is in so many people and the

380

:

way that they just, in a lot of people

they experience the benefits right away.

381

:

Some people, it's not till a few

times in, but a lot of people,

382

:

they experience it right away.

383

:

And you can just see just the calm,

you can see the physical shift

384

:

in their nervous systems just by.

385

:

Putting on these little ear clips and

teeny, teeny tiny electrical current.

386

:

Mike: Yeah.

387

:

It's so interesting.

388

:

I think there's been so much research

with this kind of low low current skin

389

:

application of this low current electrode

therapy over the past 10, 20 years.

390

:

It's amazing.

391

:

And as I understand, so this

particular technology is FDA

392

:

cleared so it's legit and it's safe.

393

:

And so what kinds of clinical

effects have you found for most

394

:

people who've had success with it?

395

:

Tauna: Yeah, I could talk all day on that.

396

:

It's FDA cleared for anxiety and insomnia,

and I've definitely seen it be very

397

:

impactful in those, for those conditions.

398

:

It's very impactful for a lot

of other conditions as well.

399

:

I would say that just as a whole by

my patient population now is just

400

:

a less anxious bunch in general.

401

:

Just even just for those two

applications of anxiety and

402

:

insomnia, it's been very impactful.

403

:

And, the ripple effects that has

in people's lives is quite amazing.

404

:

But it's also been very effective.

405

:

Cara has mentioned PTSD.

406

:

It's been really helpful for

a lot of people with PTSD.

407

:

Also pain because the thalamus

helps with the pain signal.

408

:

So it's very impactful for

people with chronic pain too.

409

:

And its helping with fibromyalgia.

410

:

So headaches, like the situations where

I've seen it be helpful have been quite

411

:

quite broad beyond its intended use.

412

:

But you've probably see that a

lot with a lot of the prescribing

413

:

that you do, the way that I do

where, Benadryl is an example.

414

:

Benadryl is it's an antihistamine,

but a lot of people use it for sleep.

415

:

And so that's the same thing with CES.

416

:

It's very helpful for anxiety

and insomnia, but also a lot

417

:

of other conditions as well.

418

:

Yeah.

419

:

Mike: That's really interesting.

420

:

Cara, what's been your experience

with technologies like CES?

421

:

Cara: Yes, I am so glad you asked me

that because I am one of those very

422

:

skeptical people when it comes to

any sort of a natural thing, right?

423

:

I'm just gonna think it's doesn't

work, but I am sure it does for others.

424

:

Go have your fun, and because I

don't necessarily have anxiety until

425

:

recently as I started to get older

and my body just isn't as capable

426

:

of dealing with those things it's

something that I probably would've said.

427

:

I'm not really interested in it, but I,

I was speaking with Tauna and she felt so

428

:

strongly about it and she had me try it.

429

:

It wasn't at a time where I was

necessarily feeling anxious, feeling

430

:

panic, feeling stress, or just anything.

431

:

And so I tried it and I'm

like, yeah, it's good.

432

:

It's good.

433

:

And so I brought it home with me and

fortunately, I'm so glad I did have

434

:

it at my home because that's, panic

attack that I mentioned that that

435

:

I had was actually two days after

I brought the device into my home.

436

:

And so it wasn't something that I

just knew that I had and I had already

437

:

had this proven effectiveness of it

to treat, just day to day anxieties

438

:

or just, day to day, oh, I feel a

little stressed, I'm gonna use it.

439

:

But I was sitting there on my couch and

I was just like, I'm about to explode.

440

:

And I'm like, do I take my shirt

off 'cause I'm sweating or do I

441

:

put a blanket on 'cause I'm cold?

442

:

And I looked across my room and

I saw it sitting right there on

443

:

my on my entertainment center.

444

:

And so I was able to function enough

to go and grab it and put it on and I

445

:

put it on and, I'm not gonna say it's

life changing, but I went from, my

446

:

body might burst from the inside out.

447

:

From this feeling to by the end of that

first, I used it for good 30 minutes and

448

:

it took a little bit of time, but it just,

I just started to feel that lowering.

449

:

It was almost like I was

going down step by step.

450

:

And then even after I felt where

I felt like, okay, I'm no longer

451

:

in this, what's going on I decided

I'm gonna use it for another 30

452

:

minutes because it felt so good.

453

:

And I can tell you by the end of

that 30 minutes, I was like, can

454

:

I just have this on all the time?

455

:

If it can have that much an effect

on me being like that, can it just

456

:

have this effect on me all the time?

457

:

And maybe it will change my

personality where I'm just

458

:

gonna be so calm all the time.

459

:

Everyone's gonna be so drawn to

me and want to be with me all

460

:

the time, and they're gonna wanna

know why I'm so calm all the time.

461

:

So that was like, I was so glad that I

had it then because then it did start

462

:

my process of implementing it into my

daily life, not just when I feel like

463

:

that panic coming, but into my daily

life of using it just because it just

464

:

that, I love how it's called NeuroVana

Calm because it really is calm and it

465

:

doesn't matter if you're, your starting

point is I'm about to lose my mind or

466

:

just I'd like to feel a bit more calm and

'cause it's helped me with all of those.

467

:

Mike: Amazing that's really great.

468

:

So in terms of the logistics, so this

is a safe device that you use at home.

469

:

Maybe either or both of you can just

talk a bit about those logistics.

470

:

What would it look like from a

client experience perspective?

471

:

If someone were to be interested

and they reach out, just maybe walk

472

:

us through how that would look.

473

:

Tauna: Yeah, you know these, the nice

thing about these is that they are just

474

:

a little, you can take this anywhere.

475

:

Some people have called it like a

pocket calm or peace in your pocket

476

:

because you can take it anywhere.

477

:

You and people will use it.

478

:

Sometimes like in, in anxiety

provoking situations and it's, they

479

:

can take it with them to business

beings that they're nervous about.

480

:

I have patients who take it to school

and put it on when they get agitated.

481

:

I have patients who are on the autism

spectrum that sometimes get very

482

:

activated at school in ways that are not

conducive to their learning and success.

483

:

And they can take this

to school, put it on.

484

:

It's so easy to use and it's so safe

because even, a child, you can give it

485

:

to a child and let 'em take it to school

because you can't overdose on this.

486

:

You, you can't hurt yourself on this,

the safety profile, it's just it's

487

:

a really short conversation because

there's just, there's no concerns.

488

:

You could use it 24-7 if you wanted to.

489

:

You can't overdose the way

that you can with medications.

490

:

When Cara was speaking I wanted to say

that that if we could have taken an

491

:

EEG on her brain on what the brainwave

activities was happening at that time.

492

:

There was a study, I think it was in 2013,

where they took a bunch of people took

493

:

a bunch of very experienced meditators,

and they did an EEG on the people.

494

:

These very experienced meditators,

while they're meditating and compared

495

:

when, compared them to the EEGs of

people who were actively using CES

496

:

and they basically look the same.

497

:

Like the brain state the electro

activity of brain, the state of

498

:

the brain, while you're using CES

essentially puts it into the same

499

:

state as when a person's meditating.

500

:

Cara, in that situation, even if she was

a very skilled meditator, it's unlikely

501

:

that she would've been able to just go

right into that type of brain state.

502

:

But this is a shortcut to that.

503

:

Definitely not trying to

discredit meditation in any way.

504

:

'cause that's a wonderful practice.

505

:

I highly encourage it, but it's nice

to know that there is a shortcut,

506

:

especially in situations like that,

that can put your brain into that and

507

:

then your body can then follow suit.

508

:

Mike: Yeah.

509

:

Yeah.

510

:

And it's also it strikes me

that it's very discreet too.

511

:

And so it almost even just

looks like having the, earbud

512

:

headphones in kind of thing.

513

:

Yeah.

514

:

So it's not this sort of thing that

someone's really gonna be standing

515

:

out in a crowd with wearing now.

516

:

For sure.

517

:

Tauna: Yeah.

518

:

They just look like they're using phones.

519

:

Cara: I recently went somewhere

where I think almost every person can

520

:

relate, where none of us like to go.

521

:

And I went to the dentist and.

522

:

I'm not like scared of the dentist.

523

:

I have no trauma from the dentist.

524

:

I don't dislike my dentist, but I

don't enjoy going to the dentist.

525

:

So I brought it with me and I just put

it on, and, it didn't, wasn't, I didn't

526

:

have to like, take medication before,

so I wasn't anxious that the dentist

527

:

I just put it on is very discreet.

528

:

They didn't even notice it.

529

:

But I never lost that calm

feeling that I would usually

530

:

lose by being at the dentist.

531

:

So it's very portable.

532

:

I just had it in my pocket, just

the little things and looked like

533

:

I probably had headphones on, or,

I was on a phone call or something.

534

:

So I love how portable and discreet it is.

535

:

Mike: Yeah.

536

:

That's amazing.

537

:

I'm under understanding that CES has been

around for decades, but many clinicians

538

:

and clients in patients population

in general haven't ever heard of it.

539

:

So I'm curious why you think that is.

540

:

I have some ideas, about the

pharmaceutical industry lobby and that

541

:

kind of thing, but I'm curious to know

both of your perspectives on that.

542

:

Tauna: Yeah.

543

:

I had been in clinical

practice for almost six years.

544

:

I'd helped thousands of people with

anxiety and insomnia and many other

545

:

conditions that this helps with.

546

:

Before I knew about it, and that was

the thing that was most puzzling to me.

547

:

It's like, how can something that

works this well be so unknown?

548

:

And I do think that, the pharmaceutical

conversation has been at the forefront,

549

:

probably, designed intentionally that way.

550

:

And I don't have anything

against pharmaceuticals.

551

:

I'm a prescriber.

552

:

I prescribe all day long.

553

:

I'm happy to do that, but.

554

:

Yeah, there is nothing that I

prescribed that I prescribed

555

:

that has this success rate.

556

:

SSRIs have a success

rate of what, 45 to 55%.

557

:

CES has a 67% success rate, and

that's even 67% of people have

558

:

at least a 50% improvement.

559

:

That doesn't mean that only

67% got some improvements.

560

:

Even a 20 or 30% improvement can

mean the difference of somebody

561

:

being willing to leave their house,

being willing to attempt to drive.

562

:

And but also, this, we could end the

discussion just at the success rate, but

563

:

when you factor in the safety profile, the

side effects, nobody's gaining weight from

564

:

CES, no one's having sexual side effects.

565

:

No one's having withdrawals,

no one's overdosing.

566

:

So they don't even belong in the same

conversation when it comes to safety.

567

:

So I don't, it is had

FDA clearance since:

568

:

Mike: It's amazing.

569

:

Tauna: Yeah.

570

:

So it's really, it's it's mind boggling

that it hasn't been more at the forefront.

571

:

It should be in there, in the,

people with anxiety and insomnia.

572

:

They have an idea of

what their options are.

573

:

There's medications, there's counseling

there's meditation, there's prayer,

574

:

there's grounding exercises, nature

walks, all of those things are great.

575

:

They're great.

576

:

I encourage all of them.

577

:

This needs to be on that list.

578

:

This is just as effective, if

not more than some of those.

579

:

And that's NeuroVana that's why, the

NeuroVana team gets up in the morning,

580

:

is to just make it more well-known.

581

:

It needs to be on that list of

options that people understand

582

:

that it's available to them.

583

:

Mike: Yeah.

584

:

Yeah, for sure.

585

:

So again, for viewers and listeners maybe

who we skipped over the beginning and just

586

:

need a reminder, it's NeuroVanaCalm.com

587

:

a nd we'll put links in the show notes.

588

:

I'd really encourage

everyone to check out.

589

:

Yeah, and I think this point that you're

mentioning both of you about how, I

590

:

think one of the things I think that's

really changing in terms of healthcare

591

:

in general is this idea about legacy

healthcare is like the client / patient

592

:

comes to the expert clinician and

the expert, expert clinician kind of

593

:

gives some suggestions from upon high.

594

:

And then the client / patient

kind of goes away and is either

595

:

adherent / compliant or not.

596

:

But this is more in keeping with

personalized individual approaches

597

:

to treat people as individual human

beings with their own complexity and

598

:

their own unique story and experience.

599

:

So as you say, maybe it doesn't have

to be either or, but maybe it, it's

600

:

properly a part of the toolkit that

someone might have access to in order to

601

:

optimize their health and wellness, right?

602

:

And maybe they might wanna reach for

that tool before medication or at

603

:

the same time as some counseling, but

it allows people to craft their own.

604

:

In collaboration with their healthcare

provider to craft their own approach

605

:

that feels right for them and give

them that agency that's so important

606

:

for any kind of healing really.

607

:

Tauna: Exactly.

608

:

Yeah.

609

:

Many patients prefer

to not use medications.

610

:

They prefer to use everything else first.

611

:

And I, you're probably the same way where

you can, I consider myself a partner.

612

:

I'm not the leader.

613

:

They're the boss.

614

:

They're in the driver's seat.

615

:

I'm in the passenger seat.

616

:

Maybe I'm holding the navigation,

telling 'em how to get, but

617

:

they're the ones who determined the

destination, what the goals were.

618

:

And, this can be an excellent

companion to medications.

619

:

Also psychotherapy, all of the

other modalities that are used.

620

:

It can also be used on its own,

depending on the situation.

621

:

Something that I have seen in my

practice is, sometimes people are

622

:

talking about some really traumatic

events and just talking about

623

:

the trauma can be its own trauma.

624

:

What I've seen though, is that I can.

625

:

Put this on the person and they, and

then their nervous system can stay

626

:

calmed while they're talking about

it, and they're able to go deeper.

627

:

They're able to tolerate

the discussion more.

628

:

And that's an area that that along with

all those other uses that we were talking

629

:

about before, just in conjunction with

psychotherapy, you can just get so much

630

:

deeper and tolerate the pain of that work

so much more just by keeping the nervous

631

:

system regulated during that session.

632

:

Mike: Absolutely.

633

:

Yeah.

634

:

That's fascinating to hear.

635

:

And it's awesome to think about having

a device that you can use in the

636

:

clinic and that you can recommend for

someone to take home and for them to

637

:

carry on using it wherever they are.

638

:

It's really great.

639

:

Tauna, I'm curious from what

Tauna was just saying about that.

640

:

What we've already talked about

with the CES in combination

641

:

with some other strategies.

642

:

Have you found any of those

combinations to be particularly helpful?

643

:

Cara: I absolutely have.

644

:

So I have clinical depression and I have

been on a, on an SSRI for over 10 years.

645

:

People talk about, I'm feeling depressed.

646

:

I have, I'm depressed.

647

:

My, I lost my job.

648

:

I'm feeling depressed.

649

:

And so I don't nec I don't

have clinical depression.

650

:

My, my depression that I have isn't

because I lost my job, or I have,

651

:

it's just something that I've just, I

don't know the science behind it, but,

652

:

it's like something with my brain.

653

:

It's not something because,

somebody else, there's some external

654

:

factor causing my depression.

655

:

And so to me, the CES device helps me

deal with things that happen in my life.

656

:

Okay.

657

:

For instance, I mentioned that panic

attack that I was starting to feel.

658

:

My SSRI that I was on wasn't gonna

be able to touch that if I were to go

659

:

grab a couple of Valiums, the Valiums

probably would've calmed me down though.

660

:

I would've had to have already

had the Valiums on hand.

661

:

It would've taken a good 30 minutes

before it even started to work.

662

:

And the answer isn't always medication.

663

:

That it's I am, I'm not

one of those health gurus.

664

:

That's like the last thing I'm

gonna do is take medication.

665

:

If the medication is gonna

help me, I'm going to take it.

666

:

I don't want to suffer unnecessarily

in my mind, like I'm a chronic

667

:

pain, I have chronic pain.

668

:

And some people are like, surgery is

the last resort I'm going to go through.

669

:

10 years of pain.

670

:

10 years of physical therapy, all

of this before I have surgery.

671

:

Me if surgery will fix my problem, I

will have the surgery and then I'll

672

:

do the month of physical therapy

and then I'm gonna go on with my

673

:

life, so I will take the medication

so I'm not on here to be like, use

674

:

this device, don't take medication.

675

:

It can be both.

676

:

It can be just the device, it

can be medication and the device.

677

:

But for me, I have found the

device to be a companion in some

678

:

sorts and a replacement in others.

679

:

Mike: Yeah, that's, thanks

for explaining that.

680

:

That makes perfect sense.

681

:

So I'm just curious again,

so just in terms of.

682

:

Painting a picture of the

logistics of using the device.

683

:

So say someone like that client that I

was talking about that I saw recently

684

:

has this social anxiety disorder.

685

:

I recommend to do some cognitive

behavioral work, he's still just

686

:

trying to really come up with the

energy to try to force himself to

687

:

talk to someone, say, chat chat with a

barista or something along those lines.

688

:

What would be something where, would it

be a matter of him using the device at

689

:

home for 20 minutes per day in the morning

as a standard for a number of weeks?

690

:

Or what would be the typical

course that would be recommended?

691

:

Tauna: Yeah, so there's a lot

of different ways to use it.

692

:

You could use it in an as needed

situation if you want to, because

693

:

it is going to help your nervous

system just get into a state of calm.

694

:

So you could use it as

an as needed situation.

695

:

W with a lot of people that have

anxiety, they just have anxiety all

696

:

the time about different situations.

697

:

If with your patient, if he was

only anxious in just that one

698

:

context, I'd say use it in that

context or prior to that context.

699

:

But if someone was just trying to

say, just lower their baseline level

700

:

of anxiety in general, I think the

best way to do it is to do it, do a

701

:

loading phase for the first month.

702

:

I'd say try to use it twice a day,

every day for a month and then reassess.

703

:

Now that doesn't mean that, that

you could use it 24 7 if you want

704

:

to, but if you can try to treat

it as a task for that first month.

705

:

'cause what that will do is, like I

said, anxious people their default, the

706

:

default mode network in the brain, that

default setting it's miscalibrated.

707

:

And so when your brain isn't

involved in some external task

708

:

it's supposed to just calm,

709

:

daydream, remember, process, plan.

710

:

So by gently putting your brain

into that calm state, you can

711

:

then retrain your brain to just

go there naturally on its own.

712

:

That's why I do encourage that loading

phase in the beginning of the first

713

:

month if you can because after what

people experience after that first

714

:

month is their overall baseline

anxiety is significantly improved

715

:

because they have become more familiar.

716

:

With that calm state and they've

learned to just go there without

717

:

even needing something like the

CES device to put them there.

718

:

So that in is the best way to

use it, I think, for people

719

:

who struggle on the daily.

720

:

And then the same thing with insomnia.

721

:

Insomnia.

722

:

People, if you used it once a day,

most people, after about two or three

723

:

weeks will find that sleep latency

improves, and then the overall

724

:

sleep quality, less waking up,

easier to fall asleep will improve.

725

:

And then after that you reassess, maybe

you, it's beneficial to keep using

726

:

it, once a day you, like I said, you

can't overuse it, you can't overdose.

727

:

But I would say just reassess at the

end of that month and go from there.

728

:

Mike: Amazing.

729

:

That's fantastic.

730

:

And then I guess the other thing

that, that I was thinking about

731

:

is that, yeah, there was, so there

was something else just on that,

732

:

that I was, that slipped my mind.

733

:

I'll think about it in a second.

734

:

But I think part of it is that yeah it's

just, I think this is so valuable for

735

:

people because I think part of what makes

anxiety so difficult is that in order

736

:

to get over that, that, or through that

threshold of just figuring out how to

737

:

get help, there's just so much pressure

to not want to, there's so much lack of

738

:

confidence and so it's really encouraging

that this gives people an option to

739

:

think about something that can, as you

say, oh, I know what I was gonna ask.

740

:

So the idea about using it actively

while you're also trying some

741

:

other sort of modality so that.

742

:

It helps to reduce the anxiety

while you're attempting to do

743

:

that thing that you're generally

otherwise too anxious to start.

744

:

So that, that's so fascinating because

it could be, yeah, it could be really

745

:

anything like you say is causing

the anxiety in the first place, and

746

:

maybe even, this is something that I

actually explored with my client with

747

:

the social anxiety is using it with

something like virtual reality, right?

748

:

So you could actually, if you, if it's

more of a situational anxiety, maybe

749

:

putting it on and then using the virtual

reality to simulate that environment

750

:

that causes you to be super anxious

in that way, practicing with that kind

751

:

of technology might be interesting.

752

:

Tauna: That's a great idea.

753

:

Like someone doing exposure therapy.

754

:

Do the exposure therapy while using CESI.

755

:

I hadn't thought of that,

but that's a wonderful idea.

756

:

I would love to see that in practice.

757

:

Mike: Yeah.

758

:

Yeah.

759

:

Interesting.

760

:

So maybe and I'd be interested in both

each of your perspectives on this.

761

:

If there are people watching or

listening right now I'm sure many

762

:

of them are struggling with things

like chronic anxiety, insomnia,

763

:

nervous system overwhelm in general.

764

:

What's one or two things that

you want to let them go, take

765

:

away from the conversation?

766

:

Help them to understand about

what they're experiencing and

767

:

how to overcome those challenges.

768

:

How their brain and body are

responding and how to just help to

769

:

make it so that they're feeling more

comfortable and able to move forward.

770

:

Tauna: You wanna go first, Cara?

771

:

Cara: Yes.

772

:

Sure.

773

:

Yeah.

774

:

So I, I have, I've overcome a lot of

the, just the stigma around being able

775

:

to acknowledge that you're not okay.

776

:

Everyone has something.

777

:

And so being able to acknowledge

that, Hey, I have PTSD from trauma,

778

:

I sometimes don't feel normal.

779

:

I don't always feel like I can

wake you my regulate my emotions,

780

:

I feel stress, I have depression.

781

:

You know what?

782

:

Whatever it is, I guarantee you, you are

not the only one that feels that way.

783

:

So if you are feeling stuck in it because

you are feeling stuck, that you have

784

:

to stay there because you either think

there's nobody else that's going to

785

:

have it, or you have an embarrassment or

ashamed or that there's something that's

786

:

not, that's going to be able to help you.

787

:

I want you to know that you're not alone

and there's thousands of people that have

788

:

it, and there is help and there is a path.

789

:

And a path to seeing the sunlight and

that brightness again in your life.

790

:

Tauna: Thank you.

791

:

Yeah, that, thank you, Cara.

792

:

Your question was essentially like

what people, what we tell people

793

:

that experience anxiety essentially.

794

:

Yeah.

795

:

There's a lot that I could go on there.

796

:

I think that the thing that, something

that I would encourage people who

797

:

have anxiety to understand is that

it is a very physical experience.

798

:

I think a turning point for me

was when I was actually a graduate

799

:

student and I was working in primary

care and I was assessing a woman

800

:

who came in thinking that she had

some kind of a cardiac condition.

801

:

So I was talking to her about her

symptoms and the experiences, and I,

802

:

one of the questions I asked her was,

do you have a history of anxiety?

803

:

And she was like, oh no.

804

:

This is not mental.

805

:

This is physical.

806

:

And I said, oh I know anxiety

is a very physical experience.

807

:

It is a physical condition

that people have.

808

:

And I think that,

809

:

to try to compartmentalize the

physical and the emotion, it's

810

:

just, it's not gonna work.

811

:

And the nervous system is that

connector and, emotions, they're

812

:

never, they're not right or wrong.

813

:

They're not good or bad.

814

:

They're not something that we,

that necessarily need to be judged.

815

:

But understanding the role

that they play in the physical

816

:

experience can be very useful.

817

:

And that, that fear response

it is very essential.

818

:

And it's not something that we

can help, but it is something

819

:

that could use some educating.

820

:

Training our bodies and minds how

to work through those situations.

821

:

CES can be a great way to either train

the body how to respond and then that

822

:

shapes the emotional experience and

which is a great thing to pair with, the

823

:

CBT, the stuff that you were mentioning.

824

:

It's just a great.

825

:

You mentioned like an

added tool to the toolkit.

826

:

I think that's a really

great way to frame it.

827

:

I don't, none of these is

competitive against each other.

828

:

They all serve a useful purpose for

people in a lot of different scenarios.

829

:

Mike: Yeah.

830

:

Fantastic.

831

:

Thanks so much to both of you.

832

:

This really has been such an

interesting, inspiring educational,

833

:

thoughtful conversation.

834

:

I think one of the biggest takeaways

that maybe I can add to what both of you

835

:

just explained there so well, is that

for people who are watching and listening

836

:

to really remember that anxiety or

even, any emotional struggle, insomnia.

837

:

It's not the stigma would tempt you

to think that maybe it's a failure of

838

:

character or willpower or mindset, but

it's not that it's as you're saying, it's

839

:

body-based, it's physiologically based.

840

:

It's often a reflection of a

nervous system that has been

841

:

pushed into chronic activation.

842

:

And the good news is that

we have this toolkit.

843

:

We have more tools than ever

from counseling therapy.

844

:

CES, optimizing lifestyle approaches.

845

:

And so yeah, it's just important

to be aware of and to know

846

:

what options are available.

847

:

And I would really recommend that if

people are interested to definitely

848

:

reach out get in touch with Tauna

and her team at NeuroVana Calm.

849

:

So again, nerdvana calm.com

850

:

and again, I'll spell it out for

listeners who may be missed the first

851

:

little bit when we went over this.

852

:

It's NeuroVana Calm, so

N-E-R-U-O-V-A-N-A-C-A-L-M.com.

853

:

And yeah, aside from that, wanting to

really thank you both today, it was

854

:

just such an interesting conversation.

855

:

Yeah, just really great to meet both of

you and to hear both of your stories.

856

:

Tauna: Thank you so much.

857

:

I would like to add that if

you do go to NeuroVanaCalm.com,

858

:

that I do have an ebook on there that

people can download for free that

859

:

does a deeper dive into the science.

860

:

I think it'd be useful, it'd be beneficial

and interesting to a lot of clinicians,

861

:

but also to just the layperson who likes

to get into the science and do that deeper

862

:

dive and geek out with me like I do.

863

:

I welcome people to do that as well.

864

:

Mike: Fantastic.

865

:

Okay.

866

:

That's so great.

867

:

Again, Tauna Young, thank you so much.

868

:

Psychiatric nurse practitioner and

founder of NeuroVanaCalm, working

869

:

with her team to expand access to

cranial electrotherapy stimulation.

870

:

And thank you also Cara Maxfield,

entrepreneur advocate for these open

871

:

conversations about lived experience.

872

:

Really value both of your knowledge,

your wisdom, and thanks so much

873

:

again for joining me today.

874

:

Yeah, it was just such

a great conversation.

875

:

Thank you so much.

876

:

Tauna: Thank you.

877

:

And thank you, Cara, for sharing

those things that are very

878

:

making it, sharing those very

vulnerable personal experiences.

879

:

I think that your input was really useful.

880

:

Thank you.

881

:

And thank you.

882

:

Yes, absolutely.

883

:

Cara: Yes.

884

:

Thank you for having me.

885

:

Mike: Super.

886

:

And so just to wrap up for viewers

and listeners, if you've enjoyed this

887

:

episode, please consider sharing it with

a friend, family member, or a colleague,

888

:

anyone you think that might benefit.

889

:

As we said at the outset, everyone

has trauma to a certain extent, right?

890

:

And so it's important to recognize

that and to just to not be feeling

891

:

inhibited by the stigma of worrying

about what people will think

892

:

because it's a universal experience.

893

:

Also, if you have questions or

comments, feel free to put those

894

:

in the comment section below.

895

:

Please leave a review as well.

896

:

Anything that you want to hear about

in future episodes, let us know.

897

:

These conversations are really important

because they help us to move toward a

898

:

future where healthcare, mental health

care in particular can be destigmatized

899

:

and become more integrated where there's

a better understanding of how ultimately

900

:

this is a body-based kind of health

and wellness issue, physiological and

901

:

is deserving of compassionate care.

902

:

Thank you so much for joining us

today on the Neurostimulation Podcast.

903

:

I hope that you enjoyed this

conversation as much as I did.

904

:

If you found today's episode

interesting, don't forget to like

905

:

and subscribe to the podcast.

906

:

It's the best way to make sure that you

never miss an episode, and also helps us

907

:

to reach more curious minds like yours.

908

:

For more details about our guest's

content, I would really encourage you

909

:

to check out the links in the show

notes, and also join in the discussion.

910

:

I'd love to hear your ideas with

comments, questions, thoughts that

911

:

you might have about topics that

you'd like to hear more about.

912

:

We can try and incorporate

those into future episodes.

913

:

Your questions, ideas, and feedback

really do make this podcast better.

914

:

Finally, don't forget to

tune into the next episode.

915

:

It's going to be another exciting

journey into the world of neuroscience,

916

:

clinical, non-invasive neurostimulation,

interventional mental health, and

917

:

general mental health and wellness.

918

:

So thanks again for listening.

919

:

Take care.

920

:

Stay curious, and I'll see you next

time on the Neurostimulation Podcast.

Show artwork for The Neurostimulation Podcast

About the Podcast

The Neurostimulation Podcast
Exploring the frontier of interventional mental health.
Welcome to The Neurostimulation Podcast — a deep dive into the expanding frontier of interventional mental health.

Hosted by Dr. Michael Passmore, a psychiatrist specializing in neurostimulation and geriatric mental health, this show explores how cutting-edge interventions — from non-invasive brain stimulation (TMS, tDCS, and beyond) to ketamine-assisted psychotherapy — are reshaping the landscape of modern psychiatry and neuroscience.

Each episode bridges science, clinical experience, and human insight, featuring thought leaders and innovators who are redefining how we understand and treat the mind.

Whether you’re a clinician, researcher, student, or simply fascinated by the brain, you’ll discover practical knowledge, fresh ideas, and inspiring conversations that illuminate the evolving art and science of mental health care.

Subscribe for episodes that stimulate your mind, deepen your understanding, and connect you to the future of brain-based healing.

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About your host

Profile picture for Michael Passmore

Michael Passmore

Dr. Michael Passmore is a psychiatrist based in Vancouver, BC, with expertise in non-invasive neurostimulation therapies, geriatric mental health and ketamine-assisted psychotherapy. Having completed specialized training in multiple neurostimulation modalities, including electroconvulsive therapy at Duke University and transcranial magnetic stimulation at Harvard University, Dr. Passmore brings a robust clinical and academic background to his practice. Formerly the head of the neurostimulation program in the department of Psychiatry at Providence Health Care, Dr. Passmore now serves as a clinical associate professor at the University of British Columbia’s Department of Psychiatry. At Sea to Sky NeuroClinic (seatoskyneuro.clinic), Dr. Passmore offers interventional mental health treatments tailored to clients across Canada.​